Origin:
Classification: Dominus temporis.
Gallifreyans are more closely related to Terileptils than humans. They did not evolve from apes.
Strength:
Gallifreyans are, on the whole, extremely tough and resilient. An average Gallifreyan are superior to a human at their peak.
Gallifreyans can survive falls (and probably many other physical stresses) which would shatter the bones of humans.
They can remain conscious in the -270 C cold of space for 6 minutes and can withstand 200 degree C for up to 3 minutes.
At body temperatures of several hundred degrees below 0 C a Gallifreyan will lose complete control of their body and appear dead. Despite this their mind is in fact very active.
This makes their skin very resistant to radiation, physical damage, poison ivy, sunburns, and tanning. Gallifreyans can resist radiation that will kill a human in 4 minutes for 2-12 minutes before they start to take noticeable damage.
They can easily absorb 50 times the output of a 21st century medical X-ray machine (approximately 50 rems of Roentgen (aka X-Ray) radiation) and them expel it into any object they they can touch.
Gallifreyans can erect non porous barriers around their noses, ears and eyeballs that prevent any intrusion on the molecular level. This allows them to remain conscious for 6 minutes and survive up to 20 minutes in space unprotected.
Gallifreyans have incredible strength for their size.
Radiation affects Gallifreyans so minimally that Gallifreyan children were routinely given radioactive toys in the nursery. They could, at will, absorb very high doses of Röntgen radiation, transform it into a form harmless to humans, and expel it from their bodies.
they can withstand electric shocks that would be fatal to humans.
They can remain conscious when exposed to G-forces that would kill a human.
Weaknesses:
Arsenic is toxic to Gallifreyans and will inhibit their enzymes. If a large source of protein, salt, and other chemicals (found in ginger beer) are available a Gallifreyan who has been poisoned with arsenic can use a major shock or surprise to trigger Detox.
Aspirin is incredibly toxic to Gallifreyans. Even touching it can be dangerous. Detox can be used to negate aspirin poisoning if the Gallifreyan can consume some chocolate.
Gallifreyans could be disabled by a blow to the left shoulder, which possessed a vulnerable nerve cluster.
Lifespan:
Even without regeneration, Gallifreyans have considerable lifespans. Within one regeneration, Gallifreyans could live for hundreds of years, yet look much younger than a human of equivalent age.
Gallifreyan children and teenagers grow at about the same rate as humans of the same age. After this point, aging slow, with the Gallifreyan looking like a teenager for decades
The maximum lifespan of Time Lords was unknown. They considered seven hundred fifty middle-age. The tenth doctor mentioned shaving off ten years of his life for his TARDIS. One Time Lord, Quences, died when he was over seven thousand years old.
senses:
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Sight: Gallifreyan eyes were better at seeing in the dark and could gather and enhance available light. They could notice small objects or details from distances of at least twenty feet away as well as people that were quite a distance away.
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Hearing: The Tenth Doctor exhibited Gallifreyan hearing by perceiving sounds from the TARDIS, while located several sections away, aboard the airship Valiant.
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Taste: Using taste, the Seventh and Tenth Doctor were able to identify the blood type of a sample. The Tenth was also able to identify types of wood and of metal with his sense of taste. The Eleventh Doctor was able to tell how much a shed had aged via taste. The Eleventh Doctor could determine the chemical and mineral composition of blue grass by tasting it. The Eleventh Doctor could tell where the four TARDIS blue envelopes were made by taste.
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Smell: The Gallifreyan sense of smell was equal to their sense of taste. They could do a chemical analysis of the air using their sense of smell. On some occasions Time Lords were also able to judge what time period and location they were in by the smell of the air. Gallifreyans were capable of locating one another over great distances through “smell”.
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Proprioception: Gallifreyans were better at coping with sudden changes in position than humans and were harder to disorient
Anatomy:
Gallifreyans have multiple organs of virtually everything including two more ribs (than humans). They have 2 of most of the organs that humans have only one of, and 4 of the organs that humans have only two of.
They can have fillings inserted in their teeth that are supposed to regenerate when their body regenerates (though this process isn’t perfect).
Their internal body temperature is 15-16 degrees Celsius (60 degrees Fahrenheit) however their skin temperature is only a little below the human norm.
Gallifreyans have more than one stomach and are not as vulnerable to malnutrition as Humans are. In fact they sometimes sit in thought for days without food or water. However 40 days without food or water will make a Gallifreyan delirious.
Gallifreyans metabolize alcohol very quickly so it is almost impossible for them to become drunk or suffer the effects of hallucinogens/narcotics. However Ginger pop/ginger extract has a severely deleterious effect on any Gallifreyan metabolism. This allows them to be easily effected by any alcohol they might have consumed.
They go to the bathroom every few days rather than every day.
Their blood is dark orange in color inside the body.
When trained they can control their adrenaline, blood-sugar levels, heart rate, respiration, and perspiration to the point where they can fool 23rd century medical diagnostics into thinking they are human.
They can even switch off any of their organs at will.
They also have control over the speed and location of their hair growth. They can grow hair faster then humans or stop the growth completely. Despite this some Gallifreyans still shave their faces.
Their skin smells like honey and has extra subdural and subcutaneous layers.
They can enter self-induced sleep trance in which breathing, heart beat, and brain activity are all reduced to an absolute minimum. While in this trance a Time Lord can ponder complex ideas without any outside distractions. 20 minutes in this state is equivalent to 8 hours of sleep for a human. Thus they only need about 1-6 hours of sleep every 2 days and some Gallifreyans can go 100 years without sleep with little effect on the body
Gallifreyans rarely dream, but when they do, they sometimes dream of choosing their next bodies, being able to fly, becoming the opposite sex, and bearing children.
Time Lord Brain:
The Time Lord brain was much larger and more complex than the human brain. The size differences effectively ruled out brain transplants from a Gallifreyan to a human. They had a form of photographic memory, able to recall every detail of even the most insignificant moments in time. The Timewyrm noticed that on a quantum level, the Seventh Doctor’s brain could receive information from possible futures, possibly without even realizing it consciously. Time Lords could also separate the hemispheres of their brain, allowing them to multitask easily.
Time Lords had an additional brain lobe dedicated to mechanical and other bodily functions, freeing the other lobes for intellectual endeavors.
Time Lords displayed the ability of touch-enabled mental manipulation; this has manifested itself in a number of different ways, including hypnosis, mind-reading, thought sharing, the ability to relieve dementia, mentally influencing the dreams of others, and memory erasure. They could also transfer knowledge quickly to another person by headbutting them.
Time Lords were telepathically linked to one another and could join the entire Time Lord intelligence as one. They could hold telepathic conversations over distances, but this was more difficult. They could converse with each over the astral plane, although this ability required intense concentration, and an interruption might have fatal consequences for the Time Lord. Their telepathy extended to less intelligent animals. In ancient times, Gallifreyans who were capable of blocking out the telepathic thoughts of other Gallifreyans were called Individuals. They usually had red-gold hair and often went on to become Young Heroes.
Time Lords were vulnerable to powerful hypnosis, such as the Morpho or the Great Vampires employed. Against other forms of mind control they were more resistant if not immune to.